| Jon Jost, independent film-maker. The early films7. | | | | one of Jost's long takes, we have ample time to |
| Last Chants for a Slow DanceTom of 'Last Chants | | | | consider why this should be. When Jost draws |
| for a Slow Dance' (1977) is one of those statistics; | | | | attention to colour, such as in his frequent shots of a |
| married, father of two, on the verge of divorce, and | | | | girl applying make-up, it is nearly always to emphasise |
| unemployed. He is also a desperate human being, | | | | its artificiality, its capacity to distract and conceal. In |
| unable to cope with marriage, fatherhood, or steady | | | | this scene the TV and the rest of the screen vie for |
| employment, and, in the eyes of society, a | | | | our attention. What is going on in the rest of the |
| misfit.Here, for the first time, Jost has created a | | | | screen is really terribly bleak; Tom is having a |
| convincing character in a convincing situation. The | | | | meaningless one-night-stand with a girl he has just |
| direct communication between film-maker and | | | | met and doesn't care about, and in the morning he |
| audience has gone, or at least, taken a step back, | | | | will be gone.But what is happening on the TV screen |
| and the film presents us with a narrative in more or | | | | is depressing too; an audience-participation game |
| less the same way that other films present us with a | | | | show, in which people's lives literally become merged |
| narrative. A deliberate hole, however, is left in the | | | | with TV, and which, broadcasting its phoney spirit of |
| illusion; at the beginning of the film, before the | | | | competitive bonhomie, is nothing less than a |
| 'character' speaks, we hear the actor say: "Shall I | | | | brain-washing exercise, designed to sedate its |
| start now? You said thirty seconds." In this, and | | | | viewers while instilling values favourable to |
| other ways, Jost reminds us that we are sitting in a | | | | capitalism.The whole scene is a depiction of |
| cinema watching a film, and therefore that any | | | | emptiness disguised, and as such is a depiction of |
| meanings we perceive have been deliberately put | | | | Tom's world, in which the distribution of values is out |
| there as a means of communication between himself | | | | of balance with the needs of reality. Later in the |
| and us.'Last Chants for a Slow Dance' works partly as | | | | scene, when the girl walks in front of the TV, we |
| a psychological study, in that Tom's decline from | | | | see the coloured image of the screen superimposed |
| restless young man to murderer can be seen as a | | | | on her body. This betrayal of the illusion is Jost's way |
| function of his own maladjusted personality; we are | | | | of ensuring that we are not merely fascinated and |
| even given an indication of the origin of his problems: | | | | distracted by his trick photography.The turning point |
| "Everything goes so fast. I don't remember anything. | | | | for Tom comes after he has looked at a folder of |
| I don't remember my childhood, except that my | | | | criminal records. Each page has a photo of the |
| father was always beating me, and I was always | | | | criminal and a summary of his activities and |
| running away." Running away is all he learned to do as | | | | characteristics, including (the detail which fascinates |
| a child, and all he knows how to do as an adult. But | | | | Tom the most) his tattoos. In Tom's eyes these little |
| at the same time, Jost makes it clear that, whatever | | | | 'stories', which situate their subjects in a recognisable |
| the reasons for Tom's maladjustment, it is cues from | | | | relationship to society, give meaning to their subjects' |
| society which prompt him to take the action he does | | | | lives. And so he has found a last chance to give |
| take.Tom is already desperate when the film opens; | | | | meaning to his own life; by becoming a criminal he |
| in a society which places high value on employment, | | | | can become a story, in newspapers, on TV, and |
| material wealth, and family life, he is unemployed, | | | | preserved for posterity in police records.Jost only |
| broke, and alienated from his wife and children. He | | | | interpolates one 'montage' shot into the narrative, but |
| resorts to the only way of life he can cope with; | | | | it is one the viewer will never forget: suddenly we |
| driving around in his truck from town to town, | | | | are watching, in merciless close up, a live rabbit |
| ostensibly looking for work, but really seeking the | | | | having its head forced over a chopping-block. We see |
| comfort of anonymity, casual sex, and escape from | | | | the helpless look in its eye as it struggles, then it is |
| responsibilities.When Tom does return home it is only | | | | decapitated and we see the blood spurt. Then, one |
| to be harangued, and threatened with divorce, by his | | | | by one, its paws are chopped from its still-twitching |
| wife, who is now pregnant for the third time. She | | | | body. That, Jost implies, is how much chance a man |
| verbally attacks him for his long absences from | | | | like Tom has against the coercive power of society |
| home, his failure to find a job, and his lack of concern | | | | and its media.Tom's final, irreversible act is even more |
| for her and the children. Her attack is justified, of | | | | disturbing than the slaughter of the rabbit. He comes |
| course, and she probably shouldn't have married him | | | | across a man whose car has broken down in an |
| in the first place, but this is no help to Tom, who | | | | isolated rural spot, and stops to help him. They chat, |
| cannot help the way he is, and no consolation for the | | | | and it turns out that the man comes from the same |
| society upon which he will take out his frustration. It | | | | town as Tom, and, like Tom, has a wife and children. |
| is Jost's view, and his case is convincing, that Tom is | | | | They have something in common, but the man has |
| society's problem.Having been finally rejected by his | | | | kept all the things Tom has lost, and for the first |
| wife, Tom hits the road again. He stops at a cafe, | | | | time we seem to be seeing Tom engaging in a |
| and while eating comes across an amusing letter in a | | | | friendly conversation, talking for the pleasure of |
| newspaper and reads it out to a man sitting next to | | | | communicating.But just when we begin to think he |
| him. The letter is a sexual joke, and the man says: | | | | might be human after all, and that this new-found |
| "You don't believe that's really a letter do you? | | | | friendship might be the start of an upturn in his life, |
| Those letters are made up by some guy sitting in a | | | | Tom casually gets a gun from his truck and robs the |
| back room. The government puts out that trash to | | | | man. "I can't get work," he explains, "I've got no |
| keep people's minds off their real problems." This is | | | | money, this (the gun) is all I got left." Then he leads |
| the nub of Jost's argument; that the media floods | | | | the man into the woods, and shoots him. The need |
| society with stories which distract people from their | | | | to align himself with society's media-perpetrated |
| real problems, and perpetuate dehumanised values, in | | | | values has taken precedence over all human |
| this case that a wife exists as a sexual object for | | | | values.The film ends with a long take of Tom's face |
| her husband, which encourage them to remain | | | | as he drives his truck, forcing us to contemplate the |
| distracted even when the story is forgotten. It is | | | | meaning of what we have just seen. And there is |
| Jost's contention that Tom, with his lack of intellect, | | | | much to contemplate, for, in this film, Jost has |
| and lack of purpose in his life, is a helpless victim of | | | | produced a convincing account of how society |
| such stories.In a later scene Tom spends the night | | | | engenders its own crime, and creates its own |
| with a girl he meets in a bar. The camera is | | | | criminals.Read the full version of this essay at: |
| positioned so that, on the right of the screen, we | | | | Mackean runs the sites which features a substantial |
| see the couple's legs through an open door, while on | | | | collection of English Literature Resources and Essays, |
| the left of the screen we see a TV showing a game | | | | (and where his site on Short Story Writing can also |
| show. The scene is in black and white, except, | | | | be found), and He is the editor of The Essentials of |
| strangely, for the TV screen, which is in colour. | | | | Literature in English post-1914, published by Hodder |
| Because of this the distribution of values within the | | | | Arnold in 2005. |
| frame is curiously and disturbingly balanced, and, being | | | | |